As the core of electric vehicles - the safety of power batteries has always been the difficulty and focus of electric vehicles. Whoever masters the power battery management technology, whoever has mastered the future electric vehicle market. This paper introduces the power battery management system (BMS) solution of Pinjia Group's high-performance 16-bit MCU XC164 with AMS high-precision, zero-temperature drift power battery current sensing core AS8510.
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First, the power battery BMS (battery management system)
Second, the battery management system has three main functions:
1. Monitor battery status in real time. By detecting the external characteristic parameters of the battery (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.), the appropriate algorithm is used to estimate and monitor the internal state of the battery (such as capacity and SOC, etc.), which is the basis and key for the effective operation of the battery management system;
2. Perform thermal management, battery balance management, charge and discharge management, fault alarm, etc. after correctly obtaining the status of the battery;
3. Establish a communication bus to exchange data with display systems, vehicle controllers, and chargers.
Third, the physical picture - Infineon MCU XC164 main control module
Fourth, XC164 function introduction
1. High performance 16-bit CPU pipe and 5-Stage
- 25 ns at 40 MHz CPU instruction clock (single cycle execution) cycle time
- 1-Cycle multiplication (16 x 16 bits), background section (32 / 16 bits) 21 cycles
- Description of 1-Cycle Multiply-and-Accumulate (MAC)
- 16 megabytes total for linear address space for code and data
- 1024-byte on-chip special function register area (C166 series compatible)
2. 16-Priority-Level interrupt system with up to 63 sources, sample rate down to 50 ns
3. 8-Channel interrupt driven single-cycle data transmission facility passed
4. Peripheral Event Controller (PEC), 24-Bit pointer to the total address space
5. The clock generator passes through the chip PLL or through the prescaler
6. On-chip memory module
- 2 KB dual port RAM (dual port RAM)
- 2 kilobytes of on-chip data SRAM (DSRAM, XC164GM-8F only)
- 2 KB on-chip program/data SRAM (PSRAM)
- 64-byte (XC164GM-8F) or 32-byte (XC164GM-4F) film plan
7. Memory (flash)
8. On-chip peripheral modules
– 14-Channel A/D converter with programmable decomposition (10-bit or 8-bit) and conversion time (down to 2.55μsor 2.15μs)
– 16-Channel Universal Capture/Compare Unit (CAPCOM2)
– Multi-function general purpose timer unit with 5 timers
– two synchronous/asynchronous (USART interface) serial channels
– two High-Speed-Synchronous serial channels
– Slice TwinCAN interface (revised 2.0B active) message object with 32 (complete CAN / basic can) for two CAN nodes and gateway functions
– slice real time clock, driven by the main oscillator
9. Idle, sleep and power down modes and flexible power management
10. Oscillator's Programmable Watchdog Timer and Watchdog
Five, AS8510 features
1. Internal 2 independent 16-bit ADC conversion, and programmable sampling rate, sampling rate up to 100K / s.
2. Zero offset
3. 130db dynamic range, 4-band gain adjustment, 5, 25, 40 and 100 times respectively change the gain setting to improve accuracy
4. Fully compliant with AEC Q 100 automotive integrated circuit stress test certification standards, each IC has a unique ID.
5. Separate current and voltage co-frequency detection channels;
6. Internal high precision reference voltage source, 20mV, high precision reference voltage source +/-20ppm;
7. Integrated one RC oscillator with 2% accuracy;
8. The voltage detection channel can be reused as a temperature detection channel;
9. 30uA Standby mode current. Standby current;
10. SSOP20 Packager.
11. AMS battery high side (positive) step-down IC AS8525 function
- High precision voltage attenuation;
- Accurate differential gain amplification to effectively reduce common mode interference;
- Power restart function, adjustable over temperature restart;
- Integrated normal watchdog and Standby mode watchdogs;
- Load dump protection (42V) for all battery supplied pins, LIN bus pin, and Enable pin
- Built-in reverse polarity protection for all battery strings, with LIN Pin detection, up to -27V;
- Over temperature alarm Shutdown functions.
12. Active Balance Management IC AS8505 Features:
- AS8505 Cell Balancer / Monitor battery active equalization, 20mV accuracy over the full temperature range;
- Synchronized, accurate battery voltage comparison;
- Active balance with up to 14 battery cells;
- Most of these products in the market are passive measurements, which require battery cells to participate in, and cannot quickly and accurately track the power of each battery unit.
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