Tongji University's construction of the fun of Zhu Chu rub in 1992, the first international introduction of the concept of edge color lighting 6 Q 60 to 8 pieces 15. Green lighting refers to the premise of ensuring lighting quality, saving lighting power, reducing power generation Exhaust emissions and floating dust achieve the goal of protecting the global environment.
Promoting green lighting is of great significance not only for saving energy and protecting the global environment, but also for economic benefits. China's lighting power consumption accounts for 10% of the national electricity consumption. According to statistics in 1996, the total output of electric light sources is 4.5 billion, while the energy-saving light source only accounts for 1. The gap between developed countries and developed countries is very large. The potential is also great. During the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the state plans to promote 300 million compact and thin tube lights in the country. At the same time, it will promote other high-efficiency energy-saving lighting fixtures. It is estimated that the annual power saving will be tens of thousands of hours, and the peak load of the power grid will be reduced by 7.2 million thousand. Less than 9.8 million kilowatts of installed capacity of the power station can save 490 million yuan investment, deducting 20 billion yuan from power saving, and a net profit of 30 to 40 billion yuan. For example, if the national white compact lamp is changed to an energy-saving lamp, the total amount of power generation of five Gehua butterflies can be saved every year. It can be seen that the green lighting project is a major event for the country.
Energy-saving measures for shopping mall lighting, including supermarkets, are large consumers of lighting electricity. According to survey statistics, the electricity consumption of commercial lighting accounts for about 40~50 of the total electricity consumption of lighting. In the past few years, we have adopted the following four energy-saving measures in the lighting design of shopping malls: the use of high-gloss light and light in recent years, the lighting industry has made significant improvements to the light source products, towards the light effect, the color rendering, and the long Life expectancy and low price development. The rapid development of gas discharge lamps is one of the most important representatives. Gas discharge lamps are divided into low pressure and high pressure. Low-pressure gas discharge lamps are representative of high-intensity gas discharge lamps, which are mainly high-voltage and metal-surface lamp HID lamps.
Since 1938, the company has developed practical products from 66 companies. It has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, light color selection, small heat radiation and long life. It has become the main light source for indoor lighting and is widely used in industry and agriculture. , business, medical, information, display and other fields.
In the past sixty years, the light efficiency, color rendering, and longevity of the Qiaoguang lamp have been continuously improved, and the variety has been continuously developed. A new series of products has been produced for almost ten years. This series of improvements makes the light effect of the light bulb from the early 2 / W to 104L / W, the life from 1000h to 24000h, the color rendering index Ra to 85W, dedicated to the need for color development The spotlights of the sexual site, Ra has reached 95~98, and the luminous efficiency is 65L/W. As a special light, the Ra can reach 99 and the luminous efficiency is 59L/W. The metal surface lamp is more High light efficiency and long life are increasingly recognized by people.
In the lighting design of shopping malls, when the space height is low, the smart light is used as the main light source, and the "small power Jinin lamp is used as the secondary light source. When the space height is high, the 250W enamel gold lamp is used as the main light source.
Second, the efficiency of selecting a high-efficiency illumination illuminator is the ratio of the luminous flux emitted by the illuminator to the total luminous flux of the light source. The higher the reflectance of the illuminator's reflective surface, the more reasonable the reflective surface design and the higher the efficiency of the illuminator. The luminaires we chose were all efficient at 0.7レリ.
=, select high-performance accessories When the smart light as the main light source of the mall, the use of electronic ballasts to replace the magnetic ballast is an important measure for shopping mall lighting energy saving.
Compared with magnetic ballasts, electronic ballasts have the following advantages: 3. High power factor. Power factor 03 is an important indicator of the utilization of power generation. The lower the :05, the larger the reactive current, the greater the reactive power loss. Ordinary magnetic ballast: 05 is around 0.5, and the electronic ballast can be reached. 96, its power 1 Qiao "S utilization is almost doubled than the magnetic ballast, the power generation capacity can be reduced by half at the same output power.
b. High luminous efficiency. Because the electronic ballast is high frequency excitation, the luminous efficiency of the smart light is much higher than when using an inductive ballast. The average electronic ballast is 68.9L/W, while the magnetic ballast is only 50L/W. No strobe. The fluorescent lamp powered by the magnetic ballast flashes for 50 weeks, which will seriously affect the worker's vision. The electronic ballast works under tens of thousands of weeks of super-audio, eliminating the stroboscopic effect.
3. No noise. Because the magnetic ballast has iron forgetting, if the process is improper, 50-week AC buzz will occur, the noise is harsh, and the electronic ballast works under super audio, there is no noise, which improves the comfort of the environment.
6. Start fast and reliable. Inductive ballasts are activated by bimetal strips, which have contact sparks and poor contact, and are often affected by temperature and grid voltage. In winter, the temperature is low, the starter trigger is not easy to be successful, and it is difficult to use the peak voltage of the power grid. Take off. Therefore, the flashing light flashes many times, causing premature lamp damage, and the electronic ballast generates glow discharge by high-frequency high-pressure gas, even at low temperature of 25, low voltage of 120V, can make the lamp The tube is ignited and can be started quickly and reliably.
£. Small size and weight control. Because there are no iron cores and coils, the electronic ballast has only the weight of the magnetic ballast; the volume is also small, making the whole set lighter.
g. Power saving effect is remarkable. Inductive ballasts with only 40W smart lights, due to the iron loss and copper loss of their own iron core and coil account for about 20 of the total power, its power consumption can reach about 1. The electronic ballast itself consumes only 1~2W, so the electronic ballast can save 20% for the user. 20 electricity saving, only 40 ¥ Qiaoguang, 6 hours a day, the day can save electricity. 6 degrees, annual electricity saving 21.9 degrees, 0.6 yuan per kilowattage of electricity, annual savings of electricity can be recovered 13.14 yuan, which can be recovered after the investment of the magnetic ballast.
As described above, since the electronic ballast improves the power factor and power saving, the power generation amount is reduced, the exhaust gas emission is reduced, and environmental pollution is improved. At the same time, due to the unfortunate magnetic ballast, the consumption of steel sheets and copper wires is reduced, and the amount of steel and copper can be reduced, and energy can be saved and the emission of exhaust fumes during the refining process can be eliminated. It is not difficult to imagine that if all the shopping malls with the main light as the main source are powered by ballasts as their accessories, then the rolling effect of the green environment created by humans is considerable.
Fourth, the use of phase separation reactive power automatic compensation device: In recent years, many manufacturers have developed phase separation reactive power automatic compensation device, also suitable for automatic compensation of phase separation reactive power in shopping mall lighting, is the mall A new product for lighting energy saving and investment saving. The characteristics of the phase-separated reactive power automatic compensation device are as follows: 3. The function of simultaneous phase separation compensation. It can automatically measure the different power factors of the phase load in the cloud phase loop and automatically compensate for the phase separation, so that the power factor of each phase is compensated to the optimal state to achieve energy saving. The difference between the same-time compensation and the phase-separation compensation is that, in the case of three-phase compensation, the blue-phase capacitor is simultaneously switched and compensated. Under the worst condition, the three-phase power factor is unbalanced, and only the sampled phase is fully compensated, and the other two phases are From no-load zero current to capacitive current, the energy consumption of the line increases.
b. The device not only can automatically compensate for phase separation, but also has the function of distribution box, which can save initial investment.
The energy saving effect of the split-phase reactive power automatic compensation device is very remarkable. It is calculated that when the power factor is compensated from 0.5 to 0.95 by the split-phase reactive power automatic compensation device, the energy saving rate reaches 72.29.
Because the phase-phase reactive power automatic compensation device has significant energy-saving effect and good economic benefits, it has received extensive attention from all walks of life. If the shopping mall that has used a large number of magnetic ballasts is equipped with a split-phase reactive power automatic compensation device, the energy-saving effect is considerable.
In summary, the lighting energy saving of the shopping mall can be started from the following: lighting for new shopping malls can be achieved by using high-efficiency light sources and high-efficiency illuminators. When a smart light is used as the main light source, it should be realized by an electronic ballast with low power consumption and stable performance; in addition to the method of replacing the original illumination source, illuminator and accessories, the lighting of the built or rebuilt shopping mall can also pass The phase separation reactive power automatic compensation device is used to improve the power factor of the power supply system to achieve energy saving.
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