I. Overview
In general, a complete smart home system should have the following functions, including home security precautions, lighting system control, environmental control, home appliance control and other ways of control.
Home security system can effectively use technical protection measures to achieve home security. The home security system includes functions such as anti-theft, fire prevention, anti-gas leakage, and remote monitoring. Households can learn about the situation at home through the Internet or telephone, and can remotely monitor or monitor the home situation.
The main body of smart home is home automation. The main body of home automation in the future is the control of electrical equipment such as home appliances and lighting. The automation system adopts centralized or distributed control, and households can remotely control home interior equipment through the network or telephone. The home automation system is the main development direction of the smart home.
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As people’s personal requirements for living experience become more and more demanding, the demand for audio and video systems within the home, the home interior environment, and the network virtual environment will become higher and higher, and people’s consumption expenditure in this area will also become higher and higher. The smart home will also meet people's needs in these areas.
Smart homes carry the major tasks of modern city formation. Based on a set of advanced, secure, stable, intelligent systems and smart products, community homes, public facilities, service software, and intelligent products are connected based on community bandwidth networks. Organic integration, digitalization of the community, providing community residents with comfort, convenience, security, intelligence and a happy living environment.
It takes the community residents as the main service subject, and focuses on realizing the wisdom of property management, the wisdom of community public services, the wisdom of living services, and the wisdom of homes.
Second, the design principle
(1) Easy to use
The basic goal of smart home is to provide people with a comfortable, safe, convenient and efficient living environment. For smart home products, the most important thing is to use practicality as the core, to abandon those flashy, can only serve as furnishings features, products based on practicality, ease of use and human nature.
When designing a smart home system, the following most practical and basic home control functions should be integrated according to the user's needs for smart home functions: including smart home appliance control, intelligent lighting control, electric curtain control, anti-theft alarm, access control intercom, and gas leakage Perceiving, etc., can also expand value-added service functions such as three-table copying and video on demand. Smart home control methods can be personalized as much as possible, such as: local control, remote control, centralized control, mobile remote control, sensor control, network control, timing control, etc., which is intended to enable people to get rid of tedious affairs, enjoy the convenience The service, if the operation process or program settings are too cumbersome, it is easy for the user to have a rejection mentality. Therefore, when designing a smart home, it is necessary to fully consider the user experience, pay attention to the convenience and intuitiveness of the operation, and it is better to use a visual control interface so that the operation is what you see is what you get.
(2) Reliability
The intelligent subsystems of the entire building should be able to operate 24 hours, and the safety, reliability and fault tolerance of the system must be highly valued. For each subsystem, corresponding fault-tolerant measures are taken in terms of power supply, system backup, etc. to ensure the normal and safe use of the system, its quality and performance are good, and it has the ability to cope with various complex environmental changes.
(3) Standard
The design of smart home system solutions should be carried out in accordance with relevant national and regional standards to ensure the system's scalability and scalability. Standard network technologies are used in system transmission to ensure that systems between different manufacturers can be compatible and interconnected. The system's front-end devices are versatile, open, and extensible devices. For example, the system host, terminal and module adopt a standardized interface design to provide an integrated platform for external manufacturers of home intelligent systems, and their functions can be expanded. When functions are needed to increase, there is no need to excavate the pipe network, which is simple, reliable, and convenient to save. The systems and products chosen for the design will enable the system to interoperate with third-party controlled devices that will continue to evolve in the future.
(4) Convenience
Whether or not the cabling installation is simple is directly related to the issues of cost, scalability and maintainability. It is necessary to select a system with a simple cabling, and it can be simple and easy to construct the cabling with the residential broadband. The convenient design of the system in the installation and debugging of the project is also very important. The family intelligentization has a prominent feature, that is, the workload of installation, debugging and maintenance is very large, and it requires a lot of manpower and material resources to become a bottleneck restricting the development of the industry. To solve this problem, when designing the system, the convenience of installation and maintenance should be considered. For example, the system can be remotely debugged and maintained through the Internet. Through the network, not only the resident can realize the control function of the home intelligent system, but also allows the engineer to remotely check the working status of the system and diagnose the failures of the system. In this way, the system settings and version updates can be performed in different places, which facilitates the application and maintenance of the system, improves the response speed, and reduces maintenance costs.
(5) Lightweight
"Lightweight" smart home products, as their name suggests, are a lightweight smart home system. "Simple", "practical", and "smart" are its main features, and they are also the biggest differences from traditional smart home systems. Therefore, we generally refer to smart home products that do not need to be deployed, have free-to-use features, are relatively inexpensive and can be directly targeted at end users, and are called “lightweight†smart home products.
Third, the main system of smart home
(1) Home Security
The smart home security system is an integrated application of information technology, network technology, sensing technology, radio technology and other technologies. It uses modern broadband information networks and radio network platforms to control home appliances, home environment, and home surveillance. The intelligent system products, home security prevention, family information exchange, home entertainment, community management and service set are integrated with strong technical and forward-looking.
This system includes magnetic sensors, infrared wide-angle detectors, infrared curtain detectors and so on. Install door magnets and window magnets to prevent illegal intrusion. The management system can receive signals through the alarm controller installed in the resident's room to quickly handle the alarm. Alarm linkage control can alarm when the indoor, the system sends out the alarm information at the same time, automatically open the indoor lighting and lighting, start the alarm and other tasks. Emergency call function The indoor alarm controller has an emergency call function. The management system can respond to and respond to emergency response signals from residents.
Alarm Management Display Function The away mode is the anti-theft alarm status to prevent illegal intrusion. The management system can receive alarm signals in real time, automatically display the alarm number and alarm type, and automatically archive system information. Preset alarm function The smart security system can preset alarm calls. Setting/disarming linkage control at home security mode, security system can be linked to cut off the power of some home appliances. In the home disarm mode, some of the lights automatically turn on, the door magnets and window magnets go offline, and the indoor smoke detectors and kitchen combustible gas detectors are still in alarm mode.
Smart door locks: The door is an important channel for home access. A door lock is very important for the safety of the entire family. In general, smart locks are the first to solve the unlocking method, followed by security, but in fact its security is much higher than the traditional lock. The security door lock mainly includes the real-time feedback of unlocking, locking, and unlocking of the door lock, quick collection of photos, and anti-violence cracking.
Door and window magnetism: Compared with smart door locks, door and window magnets are also responsible for entrance and exit checks, but the difference is that these products are active defense equipment, real-time monitoring of door and window magnetic switch status, if you find an abnormal situation, even if the user is not at home can also Received relevant information via mobile phone.
Infrared intrusion detectors: Infrared intrusion detectors are similar to the magnetism of doors and windows, but they all belong to the sensing class. However, the sensing objects and areas are different. The magnetic induction of doors and windows is the separation of the equipment itself, responsible for the safety of a point or surface, and the infrared intrusion detector. Detection of human activities, responsible for a certain space area. In addition, the infrared intrusion detector can not only send the detected abnormal situation to the user's mobile phone, but also usually has a local alarm function.
Smart Cameras: Smart cameras are rare visual devices for the entire smart home system and are very intuitive in terms of security protection. With this type of device, users can view the situation at home and on the go. Currently, in addition to remote viewing, smart cameras also have features such as auto-cruise, two-way voice, multi-user sharing, infrared night vision, and high-definition playback.
Smoke detectors: As the name suggests, smoke detectors are used to detect the smoke concentration. If the concentration exceeds the limit, local alarm will be performed and the information will be sent to the user's mobile phone. However, with the introduction of the all-in-one design, smoke detectors have begun to incorporate multi-functionality. For example, the smoke fire detector introduced at CES this year can not only detect the smoke concentration, but also sense the temperature, humidity, light and noise. Strength and other functions.
Combustible Gas Leak Detector: The combustible gas leak detector is mainly used to detect the combustible gas concentration in the indoor air and is usually installed in the kitchen to prevent flammable gas from leaking due to human or other reasons. Similar to many smart home products nowadays, the alarm mechanism of gas leak detectors is also divided into two types: local and mobile.
Leak sensor: From a name point of view, this type of product is more like an intelligent product for saving water, but it can actually be used for security protection, and it is sometimes critical. In terms of security protection, the use scenario of such products is to detect leaks and seepage problems so as to avoid electric shock caused by the connection of water and electricity.
Smart Sockets: Smart Sockets is a basic device in a smart home. It serves as a connection between electrical equipment and power. It can enhance security in two ways: First, it has its own security protection mechanism and does not cause user electric shock; second, it supports remote When the power is turned off, the user can cut off the power through the smart phone in time to protect the home appliance.
(2) Lighting System Control
Intelligent lighting control system refers to using computer technology and assisting other means to implement automatic control of electric lighting, providing a suitable lighting environment while reducing the lighting system's power consumption and other usage costs. Intelligent lighting control systems have many advantages over manual lighting control systems, including creating an atmosphere of the environment, improving the working environment, improving work efficiency, good energy-saving effects, extending the life of light sources, and facilitating management and maintenance.
Create an atmosphere of environment
With the intelligent lighting system, the circuit can be preset according to the usage and daylight brightness in the house. Individual control or group control of lamps can be implemented in the loop. Each loop or fixture can be set to different brightness levels. These levels are stored as “scenes†and can be understood as the complete appearance of a room or a certain area. After setting up the scene, you can easily call it manually using the wall control panel or remote control. These scenes can be automatically invoked based on timers, daylight sensors, and usage to achieve rich artistic effects.
Improve working environment and increase work efficiency
The intelligent lighting control system replaces the traditional flat switch control lamps with the dimmer module control panel, which can effectively control the overall illuminance value in each room, thereby improving the illuminance uniformity. At the same time, this control method effectively solves the strobe effect and does not make people feel uncomfortable, dizzy, or tired of eyestrain.
Good energy-saving effect
Intelligent lighting control system uses various “pre-setting†control methods and control components to accurately set and manage the illuminance of different environments at different times to achieve energy savings. This way of automatically adjusting the illuminance, makes full use of the outdoor natural light, lights or lights the lamp to the required brightness only when necessary, and uses the least energy to guarantee the required illuminance level, and the power saving effect is very obvious. Up to 30%.
Extended light source life
The intelligent lighting control system can successfully suppress the surge voltage of the power grid, and also has functions such as voltage limiting and WE flow filtering to avoid damage to the light source due to overvoltage and undervoltage. The intelligent dimmer slowly adjusts the light to a set level. This is very important when you turn on the lights. In this regard, incandescent lamps tend to fail due to the thermal shock of the filament. By slowly turning the lamp to a set level, it is also referred to as "soft start", which avoids damage to the light source by the inrush current and can considerably prolong the life of the lamp. Reducing the brightness of the lamp can also extend the life of the lamp. By reducing the brightness by 10%, bulbs can double their lifetime, while the reduction of 50% can be extended to more than 20 times. You can also achieve "soft turn off" and the light slowly extinguishes. When the scene is switched, the change of light is gradual, so that people do not have the feeling of sudden change, fully taking into account the human eye's adaptability to the brightness of the light. Extending the life of the light source can not only save a lot of funds, but also greatly reduce the workload of replacing the lamp, can reduce the operating costs of the lighting control system, and management and maintenance become simple.
Easy to manage and maintain
Intelligent lighting control system control of lighting is mainly based on modular automatic control, supplemented by manual control, lighting preset scene information is stored in the memory, the setting and replacement of these information is very convenient, so that the building's lighting management and Equipment maintenance becomes simpler. For example, in the living room, scene lighting may be automatically switched to bedtime scene lighting after 11:00 in the evening. You can also check whether the lights in each room are turned off before going to sleep.
(3) Environmental Control
Through the control system, all the lights in the system are combined with switch control and dimming control. At the same time, the devices such as electric curtains and air conditioners in the home are connected to achieve the scene control function. For example, a parlor scene and a home scene are set in a living room; a dining scene, a cleaning scene, and the like are set in a restaurant. Indoor brightness is sensed through outdoor shading so that residents can fully enjoy the daylight and achieve energy conservation.
Smart fresh air: The environmental control system replaces the outdoor natural air with the indoor air, introduces fresh air while discharging the dirty air, and maintains circulation for 24 hours. The air quality monitor allows indoor formaldehyde, PM2.5, etc. to take shape; the fresh air ventilator automatically filters outdoor air dust, exhaust gas, PM2.5, etc. while performing heat exchange without affecting the indoor comfort; The controller will automatically adjust the wind speed and displacement according to the air quality of each room to save energy and reduce consumption.
Constant temperature, constant humidity, and constant oxygen: The human being is a constant temperature living body and has a relatively constant physical comfort. The average value is a temperature of 25° C., a relative humidity of 50%, an oxygen content of 21%, and an air flow rate of 0.15 m/s. However, the intelligent environment control system can customize the specific body comfort program according to the individual's unique situation, different functional rooms, seasons, etc., and automatically compare the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, oxygen sensor, etc., with accurate detection at any time. Adjustment to create a long-lasting and comfortable home environment.
Indoor environment purification: cooking fumes, tobacco smoke, human metabolism, etc. will continue to produce pollutants that endanger the health of the body. The intelligent environment control system is a powerful tool for purifying the protracted battle of the environment and ensures that it lives in a healthy environment. For example, when the meal is cooked, the amount of cleansing on the kitchen will be automatically increased; in the smoking room, the amount of ventilation will be automatically increased; if you go out for travel, you will be subject to regular ventilation to protect the air quality of your home.
Energy-saving measures: Minimize the consumption of non-renewable energy, improve the efficiency of energy use, reduce the energy loss of building envelopes, and reduce the energy consumption of the operation of building facilities. For example: use computer, balance valve and its special intelligent instrument to distribute the flow of the pipe network reasonably; install the heat distribution table and temperature control valve, users can consume and control the heat energy according to the need; use the new type of insulation material to wrap the heating pipe, In order to reduce the heat loss of the pipeline; through the smart curtain can control the solar radiation in different seasons, different regions to control or prevent, adjust the temperature and reduce energy loss.
(4) Appliance Control
The system mainly includes the following features:
Wireless remote control, remote control, smart and convenient, stable and reliable, and cheap.
The home appliance intelligent control function can realize the management and control of infrared information appliances through smart home control terminals, remote controllers, mobile phones, and the Internet. Can be controlled individually, or in groups, at regular intervals, combined with controls such as lights and motorized curtains, as part of the scene.
Smart lighting: mainly realizes the intelligent control and management of lighting in the entire residential space, and can realize remote control on and off of residential space lighting, dimming, full-on and off, and “reception and theater†through various intelligent control methods such as remote control. Such as the realization of a variety of one-button lighting scene effects; and can be used timing control, telephone remote control, computer local and remote control of the Internet and other control functions to achieve the functions, so as to achieve intelligent lighting energy saving, environmental protection, comfort and convenience.
Smart home control system smart appliances: The appliance control adopts weak electricity to control strong electricity, that is, safe and intelligent. It can use remote control, timing and other intelligent control modes to realize drinking fountains, sockets, air conditioners, floor heating, projectors, and fresh air systems at home. Intelligent control, etc., to avoid repeated heating the water dispenser at night affect the quality of the water, in the outbreak of the plug-in power off, to avoid electrical heating caused by security risks.
Intelligent home control system intelligent sunshade: Smart sunshading system is usually composed of sunshade shutters or sunshade curtains, motors and control systems. The control system software is a component of the intelligent sunshade control system and is used in conjunction with the control system hardware. In the smart home system, the control software usually belongs to the smart home control host software. A complete intelligent sunshading system can automatically adjust the angle of the curtain or make an overall ascent, according to the changes of the surrounding natural conditions, to complete the intelligent control function of the sunshade shutter, not only blocking the radiant heat, reducing direct sunlight, and avoiding glare , And make full use of natural light to save energy.
Energy-saving control of smart home control systems: including solar cells and electrical equipment used in residential homes; energy-saving, water-saving and energy-efficient equipment, software and management solutions; and wind power generation. This category also includes Home Energy Management System (HEMS).
Smart home control system remote meter reading: using communication, computer technology, through a dedicated device for a variety of instruments (such as water meters, electricity meters, gas meters, etc.) automatically collect and process the data processing system. It usually reads the reading of the meter through a data collector, and then transmits the data to the management center through the transmission controller to store, display, and print the data. Solving the problem of automatic meter reading mainly solves the problems of nuisances caused by door-to-door meter reading, data reporting, and management inconvenience. Automatic meter reading becomes a standard configuration in the smart community in a real estate construction project, just like a building intercom system.
Smart home control system software: English Smarthome Software. Refers to third-party software that is independent of the smart home system product manufacturers. The third-party software companies through the ground floor agreement with the smart home system product manufacturers, application-level cooperation, development can control the mainstream smart home systems, intelligent lighting control, intelligent electrical control , Intelligent temperature control, smart audio and video control, intelligent curtain control, intelligent security control, intelligent remote control, intelligent timing control, intelligent network control, intelligent remote control, intelligent scene control and other functions of the software.
Smart Home Control System System Wiring: The smart home wiring system is the basis of the smart home system in terms of function, and is the channel for its transmission. Smart home wiring is also designed with reference to the integrated wiring standard, but its structure is relatively simple. The main reference standard is the home wiring standard (TIA/EIA 570-A). The draft requirement of TIA/EIA 570-A was mainly to provide a new generation of home telecommunication wiring for present and future telecommunication services. The standard mainly proposes new levels of cabling, and establishes a basic specification and standard for cabling media. The main application supports voice, data, video, video, multimedia, home automation systems, environmental management, security, audio, television, probes, alarms, and Interphone and other services.
Smart home control system network: English Home Networking. The home network referred to in the smart home system is a narrow sense concept and refers to a high-speed data network formed by devices having high-performance processing and communication capabilities in the home. The two most popular home network types are wireless and Ethernet. In both types, the router performs most of the work and is responsible for controlling the communication between the connected devices. By connecting your router to a dial-up, DSL, or cable modem, you can also let multiple computers share an Internet connection.
Fourth, the conclusion
To put it simply, the ultimate goal of smart home is to allow the owner to think more and make the smart home system more in line with the owner's lifestyle to serve the owner; to create a more comfortable, healthier, more environmentally friendly, more energy-efficient, more intelligent technology Living Environment.
To be specific, from a technical point of view, the smart home in the future will develop in the following directions:
1. The future touch control will become the universal smart home control mode. Through an intelligent touch control screen, intelligent control of lighting, electrical appliances, curtains, security, monitoring, and access control within the home can be achieved. This is necessary.
2. The smart phone will become the most important mobile intelligent control terminal for future smart homes. Through the smart home client software or WEB mode of the mobile phone, remote monitoring and control within the home will be realized, remote unlocking of the home will be realized, and the guest image will be confirmed. , Remotely turn on air conditioners and heaters. This will become a must for everyone to move control.
3. The wireless and wired control systems will be seamlessly integrated. The trunk area adopts the cabling control system, and the small area adopts the wireless control system. This will be the development direction of future intelligent home control systems and technologies.
From a market perspective, the future of smart homes will be in the following directions:
1. The smart home will become the home edition of the Internet of Things. Realizing the mutual communication of all objects inside the home will be the future direction of smart homes.
2. The smart home system will be seamlessly connected with smart national intelligent systems, smart city systems, intelligent buildings and smart communities. All smart home systems will inevitably be compatible with the seamless control of the above large systems.
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