CWDM (CoarseWavelengthDivisionMultiplexing) system, which is a sparse wavelength division multiplexing system, is often called a coarse wavelength division multiplexing system. The working principle of this system is to use an optical multiplexer to combine signals transmitted in different optical fibers into the same optical fiber for transmission. At the receiving end of the link, the decomposed wavelengths are respectively sent to different optical fibers by using a demultiplexer, and are connected to different receivers. As an economical and practical short-distance WDM transmission system, it has been recognized and commercialized in metropolitan area network applications.
Compared with DWDM, CWDM, in terms of cost, the cost of CWDM system is significantly lower than that of DWDM system due to the reduction of device cost and system requirements. In terms of structure, CWDM system does not include optical amplification relay OLA. In terms of power consumption, CWDM ratio DWDM is low. In terms of physical size, CWDM lasers are much smaller than DWDM lasers. In terms of transmission medium selection, DWDM needs to adopt G. when running 10G or more services. 655 fiber, and CWDM has no special requirements for fiber. Existing fiber can use CWDM technology, so it can make extensive use of the old fiber cable in the mobile network. CWDM is well suited for fast, low-cost multi-service network construction, while DWDM is suitable for high-capacity delivery systems, which are less business-oriented than CWDM. CWDM can be applied to metro and local access networks, and can also be applied to metro core networks in small and medium-sized cities, and has a broad future in mobile applications.
At present, operators are actively exploring transformation. Transformation includes technological transformation and business transformation. For us, we are currently at a crossroads. As 3G approaches, the competitive pressure we are facing is coming. The biggest problem is that The single network service, the combination of fixed network and mobile network will be very beneficial for operators to carry out business development, but it is not easy to build a fixed network in a short time. From this we can predict that in the competition of the 3G era, it is difficult for us to maintain our leading position. How to accept the challenge? Placed in front of each of our mobile people! Previously, we have carried out many explorations, such as WLAN, WiMAX, etc., but we can't jump out of the mobile phone movement. If we study CWDM technology carefully, maybe we can jump out of the original mindset and can make a very meaningful one. try.
In the scope of the access network, the network cost mainly comes from the cost of the access device rather than the transmission line cost, so DWDM does not have a great advantage in terms of price. CWDM achieves wavelength division multiplexing in the full wavelength range by reducing the window requirement for wavelength, and greatly reduces the cost of optical devices, so its performance cost ratio is high. If the local network access layer uses CWDM, comprehensive coverage is provided for all villages and towns. From GE to township means that we can use IP to carry out voice and data access services. Through IAD integrated access equipment and end Ethernet switches, we can implement IP voice and data access services like fixed network operators. The numbering, from the perspective of the development of the network in the future, is also in line with the development of all IP-based businesses in the future. From mobile to fixed, for us, it can be said that it is a historical leap, if we can have an IP-based The fixed network, we have the capital to meet the challenges of all parties. Surrounding the city from the countryside also reflects the construction of the network to gradually realize the full coverage of the network. The coverage of the city is limited by many factors, the implementation will be very difficult, we should be more inclined to use wireless technology such as WLAN, WIMAX and cable The coverage method is implemented, and the GE to the cell is implemented by using CWDM, and the terminal user is provided in a wired and wireless manner. We have reason to believe that this application mode of CWDM will gradually extend from rural coverage to urban coverage. The advantage of CWDM is to provide low-cost, high-bandwidth applications through simple technical means, which is the most cost-effective technology implementation method. Our creative approach to the development and extension of the fixed network can greatly promote the development of mobile network services.
For large customer access and 3G new services, the main bearer mode of the service is IP. Moreover, these services have higher requirements for real-time performance and require a high QoS guaranteed transmission method. At the same time, due to the IP of the service, the bandwidth requirement for the transport network is relatively high. There are three major contradictions in the current large customer access:
First of all, the diversity of customer requirements leads to the complexity of access technology. One of the appearances is that the equipment is complex and diverse, such as SDH/ATM/IP/XDSL/PDH, etc.; the second is to provide Ethernet dedicated lines by means of digital circuits ( FE-E1).
Secondly, the rapid growth of services has led to the continuous reduction of bandwidth resource utilization, especially the use of fiber-optic direct-drive to provide large-customer Ethernet leased line services, which consumes a large amount of fiber resources.
Thirdly, the service opening requirements are fast and efficient, but the resource scheduling is often slow and inefficient. It cannot support end-to-end management. The network management is “lindâ€, and device management, bandwidth management, and service management are difficult to integrate. With the continuous upgrading of large customer business, the IP of the business, the demand for high bandwidth, and the strong business protection capability are showing an increasingly obvious trend.
Now, with the full deployment of the network, in order to meet the respective QoS requirements and bandwidth requirements of the above services, it is necessary to establish an independent IP data network for bearer for different services. That is to say, the transmission equipment at each access point must use one set of 622M MSTP equipment and one set (or two sets) of two-layer switches. This is a very wasteful resource and low cost structure. For the increasingly fierce competition in the telecommunications market after 2006, it is not advisable. Therefore, a reasonable and cost-effective carrying method is needed to adapt to the needs of the new business environment.
The most demanding requirements for the access layer transport network, such as 3G and large customers, are QoS guarantee and bandwidth requirements. For QoS, transparent transmission of IP services is a good guarantee; for bandwidth requirements, improving the bandwidth utilization of single fibers is also a good solution.
Therefore, for IP services such as 3G and large customers, the FE/GE interface can be directly connected to the CWDM device. The original narrowband, base station service, and 3G voice service can be carried on the 622MMSTP network and then carried in the CWDM. online. To sum up, the CWDM equipment is used to build the access layer and aggregation layer of the integrated service bearer network, such as 3G and large customer access, to provide a better unified bearer platform for all services.
Compared with DWDM, CWDM, in terms of cost, the cost of CWDM system is significantly lower than that of DWDM system due to the reduction of device cost and system requirements. In terms of structure, CWDM system does not include optical amplification relay OLA. In terms of power consumption, CWDM ratio DWDM is low. In terms of physical size, CWDM lasers are much smaller than DWDM lasers. In terms of transmission medium selection, DWDM needs to adopt G. when running 10G or more services. 655 fiber, and CWDM has no special requirements for fiber. Existing fiber can use CWDM technology, so it can make extensive use of the old fiber cable in the mobile network. CWDM is well suited for fast, low-cost multi-service network construction, while DWDM is suitable for high-capacity delivery systems, which are less business-oriented than CWDM. CWDM can be applied to metro and local access networks, and can also be applied to metro core networks in small and medium-sized cities, and has a broad future in mobile applications.
At present, operators are actively exploring transformation. Transformation includes technological transformation and business transformation. For us, we are currently at a crossroads. As 3G approaches, the competitive pressure we are facing is coming. The biggest problem is that The single network service, the combination of fixed network and mobile network will be very beneficial for operators to carry out business development, but it is not easy to build a fixed network in a short time. From this we can predict that in the competition of the 3G era, it is difficult for us to maintain our leading position. How to accept the challenge? Placed in front of each of our mobile people! Previously, we have carried out many explorations, such as WLAN, WiMAX, etc., but we can't jump out of the mobile phone movement. If we study CWDM technology carefully, maybe we can jump out of the original mindset and can make a very meaningful one. try.
In the scope of the access network, the network cost mainly comes from the cost of the access device rather than the transmission line cost, so DWDM does not have a great advantage in terms of price. CWDM achieves wavelength division multiplexing in the full wavelength range by reducing the window requirement for wavelength, and greatly reduces the cost of optical devices, so its performance cost ratio is high. If the local network access layer uses CWDM, comprehensive coverage is provided for all villages and towns. From GE to township means that we can use IP to carry out voice and data access services. Through IAD integrated access equipment and end Ethernet switches, we can implement IP voice and data access services like fixed network operators. The numbering, from the perspective of the development of the network in the future, is also in line with the development of all IP-based businesses in the future. From mobile to fixed, for us, it can be said that it is a historical leap, if we can have an IP-based The fixed network, we have the capital to meet the challenges of all parties. Surrounding the city from the countryside also reflects the construction of the network to gradually realize the full coverage of the network. The coverage of the city is limited by many factors, the implementation will be very difficult, we should be more inclined to use wireless technology such as WLAN, WIMAX and cable The coverage method is implemented, and the GE to the cell is implemented by using CWDM, and the terminal user is provided in a wired and wireless manner. We have reason to believe that this application mode of CWDM will gradually extend from rural coverage to urban coverage. The advantage of CWDM is to provide low-cost, high-bandwidth applications through simple technical means, which is the most cost-effective technology implementation method. Our creative approach to the development and extension of the fixed network can greatly promote the development of mobile network services.
For large customer access and 3G new services, the main bearer mode of the service is IP. Moreover, these services have higher requirements for real-time performance and require a high QoS guaranteed transmission method. At the same time, due to the IP of the service, the bandwidth requirement for the transport network is relatively high. There are three major contradictions in the current large customer access:
First of all, the diversity of customer requirements leads to the complexity of access technology. One of the appearances is that the equipment is complex and diverse, such as SDH/ATM/IP/XDSL/PDH, etc.; the second is to provide Ethernet dedicated lines by means of digital circuits ( FE-E1).
Secondly, the rapid growth of services has led to the continuous reduction of bandwidth resource utilization, especially the use of fiber-optic direct-drive to provide large-customer Ethernet leased line services, which consumes a large amount of fiber resources.
Thirdly, the service opening requirements are fast and efficient, but the resource scheduling is often slow and inefficient. It cannot support end-to-end management. The network management is “lindâ€, and device management, bandwidth management, and service management are difficult to integrate. With the continuous upgrading of large customer business, the IP of the business, the demand for high bandwidth, and the strong business protection capability are showing an increasingly obvious trend.
Now, with the full deployment of the network, in order to meet the respective QoS requirements and bandwidth requirements of the above services, it is necessary to establish an independent IP data network for bearer for different services. That is to say, the transmission equipment at each access point must use one set of 622M MSTP equipment and one set (or two sets) of two-layer switches. This is a very wasteful resource and low cost structure. For the increasingly fierce competition in the telecommunications market after 2006, it is not advisable. Therefore, a reasonable and cost-effective carrying method is needed to adapt to the needs of the new business environment.
The most demanding requirements for the access layer transport network, such as 3G and large customers, are QoS guarantee and bandwidth requirements. For QoS, transparent transmission of IP services is a good guarantee; for bandwidth requirements, improving the bandwidth utilization of single fibers is also a good solution.
Therefore, for IP services such as 3G and large customers, the FE/GE interface can be directly connected to the CWDM device. The original narrowband, base station service, and 3G voice service can be carried on the 622MMSTP network and then carried in the CWDM. online. To sum up, the CWDM equipment is used to build the access layer and aggregation layer of the integrated service bearer network, such as 3G and large customer access, to provide a better unified bearer platform for all services.
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