1. Interface style design
The console man-machine interface uses a non-standard Windows style to achieve user-specific requirements. But considering that most users are familiar with standard Windows systems, the interface design is as compatible as possible with the features of the standard Windows interface. Because the bitmap button can achieve high brightness, protrusion, depression and other effects in the operation, the interface expression form is more flexible, and at the same time, the user can recognize the control. However, the dialog boxes, edit boxes, combo boxes, etc. used in the interface are all selected from Windows standard controls, and the buttons in the dialog box also use standard buttons. The size and spacing of the controls are as close as possible to the recommended values ​​for the Windows interface.
The default color of the interface is light gray. Because gray tones are easily recognized under different lighting conditions, and the inconvenience caused by color blind users when using forms is avoided. In order to distinguish between input and output, the area for user input uses white as the background color, which makes it easy for the user to see that this is the active area of ​​the form; the display area is set to gray (or form color) in order to tell the user that it is not possible. Edit area. All controls in the form are left-aligned according to the Windows interface design standard. For multiple sets of controls at different locations, each group is also left aligned
2. System interface layout analysis
The layout of the human-machine interface should be simple, balanced and consistent in style according to ergonomic requirements. A typical industrial control interface is divided into three parts: a title menu section, a graphic display area, and a button section. According to the principle of consistency, all objects on the screen, such as windows, buttons, and Lai, are consistent in style. The size of the buttons at all levels, the bump effect and the label font and font size are the same, and the color of the button and the background color of the button are consistent.
3. Open the structural system of the interface
The concept of choosing an interface depends on multiple interfaces. The interface can be designed as a loop. If a large number of interfaces are run, a reasonable structural system must be designed to open the interface. Choose a simple and permanent structure so that the operator can quickly learn how to open the interface.
The amount of information that a user processes at one time is limited, so a large amount of information is accumulated on the screen, which affects the friendliness of the interface. In order to provide a sufficient amount of information while ensuring the simplicity of the interface, the design is hierarchical and hierarchical. Hierarchy refers to the division of controls into groups by function, each group being refined into multiple levels according to its logical relationship. Using the first button to control the pop-up and hiding of the secondary button ensures the simplicity of the interface. Layering is the vertical expansion of buttons of different levels in different areas, with a clear dividing line between the areas. When a button is used to pop up the lower level button, other buttons of the same level are hidden to make the logical relationship clearer.
It usually consists of 3 levels. Level 1 is the overview interface. This level should include the information displayed by the different system parts in the system and how to make these system parts work together. Level 2 is the process interface. This level contains details of the specified process part and shows which device object belongs to the process part. This level also shows the objects corresponding to the alarm. Level 3 is the detailed interface. This level provides information about individual device objects, such as controllers, control valves, control motors, etc., and displays messages, status, and process values. It also contains information about the work of other device objects, if appropriate. Electronic and electrical
4. Text application
The commonly used fonts in the interface design include Chinese Song, Scorpion, English twist, etc., because these fonts are easy to identify and read, and the consistency is considered. All the texts of the console software interface are Chinese Song, and the size of the text is based on the controls. The size of the size is selected by the size of the two sizes, so that the display information is clear and the style is unified.
Ergonomics requires that the textual language of the interface be concise, try to use affirmative sentences and active voices, and avoid abbreviations in English words. There are two types of text applied in the console human interface: dimension text and interactive text. The annotated text is written on a button and other controls, indicating the function of the control, so try to use the verbs describing the operation such as "set each operation", "system settings" and so on. Interactive text is the text required for people and computers and systems to interact with systems such as the main console, including input text and output text. In order to express clarity in conciseness, the sentences used in interactive text should be as user-friendly as possible and polite expressions such as "Please check AC voltage" and "System warning device lock". In the case of a large amount of information, scroll up and down without scrolling left and right, because it is more in line with people's operating habits.
5. Color choice
The choice of color in the design of the human-machine interface is also very important. The human eye responds to color faster than the text, so different information is better differentiated by color than by text. Different colors give people different physiological and psychological feelings, so whether the color choice is reasonable will also affect the operator's work efficiency. The effect of different colors is different in a particular area. For example, the foreground color should be sharp enough to make the user easy to recognize, and the background color should be dim to avoid eye irritation. Therefore, dazzling colors such as red, yellow, and grass green cannot be applied to the background color. Blue and gray are colors that are insensitive to the human eye. Whether in the middle or at the edge of the vision, the eye is sensitive to it. The bottom tone of the human-machine interface is very suitable. But the blue in a small area is not easy to perceive, while the red and yellow are very eye-catching. Therefore, the signs of information such as prompts and warnings should be red and yellow. Electronic and electrical
There are a few things to keep in mind when using colors:
(1) Limit the number of colors displayed at the same time. Generally, the same interface should not exceed 4 or 5 types. Different levels and shapes can be used to match the change of color.
(2) The color of the active object in the interface should be clear, while the non-active object should be dim, the color of the object should be different, the foreground color should be brighter, and the background should be dim. Neutral colors (such as light gray) tend to be the best background color, light colors have a tendency to jump to the front, and black makes people feel retracted into the background.
(3) Avoid incompatible colors (such as yellow and blue, red and green, etc.), unless used for comparison.
6. Use of graphics and icons
Graphics and icons can convey information visually, which is an effect that textual information does not. The console man-machine interface converts various data into graphics and image information in the graphics area through visualization technology. When selecting icons, strive to simplify, standardize, and prioritize standardized graphics and icons that have been created and generally recognized by the public.
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