"This is the best era and the worst era." Using this sentence to describe today's hot smartphone industry is no better. In this short period of development, smartphones have sprung up. In addition to nearly one hundred mobile phone brands, more than 10,000 models have been designed and produced in the world. Some products even have evaluations of crafts. They are not only highly sought after at the time, but now they are classic enough.
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Behind these sleek and stylish smartphones, how do manufacturers polish these phones in the lab? Today, I tried to restore the birth of a mobile phone with a simple and concise description.
The birth of a mobile phone requires the participation of a large number of engineers. If it is classified into categories, there are six following:
ID (Industry Design) Industrial Design
MD (Mechanical Design) structural design
HW (Hardware) hardware design
SW (Software) software design
PM (Project Management) project management
QA (Quality Assurance) Quality Supervision
ID (Industry Design) Industrial Design
The industrial design (ID) of the mobile phone includes the appearance, feel, material, color matching of the mobile phone. The places that can be seen and touched on the mobile phone are all in the category of ID design, such as whether the frame is made of metal or plastic, and the back is curved or straight. , which colors to use to match and so on.
The primary consideration of industrial design (ID) is the visual effect. Its quality directly affects whether a mobile phone is beautiful and classic. After the product was established, the industrial designers began to conceive all kinds of ideas, thinking and even brainstorming. Some works are too advanced, and they can only stay in the designers' computers. After the plan is finalized, if you want to realize it, you have to rely on the structural designer to be said next.
MD (Mechanical Design) structural design
If industrial design (ID) pursues the effect of visual sensitization, then structural design (MD) is the way to try to restore this effect. After the ID design determines the shape of the phone, MD will step by step to build all the parts inside the phone.
For example, whether it is made in one piece or detachable back cover, whether the frame is made of metal or plastic, how the rear case is fixed on the frame, how the battery is placed, whether the main board is growing or square, whether the screen is fully fitted or framed, etc. The size of the part is controlled. This is like building a house. The ID completes the main frame of the house, and the MD is to renovate the interior of the house, and then the furnishings are rich.
If the design given by ID is too difficult to achieve, then MD and ID designers will have to sit down and talk about it. It is not enough to have a talented ID designer. It is often necessary for structural engineers to put this genius design into practice. Practice, the two are complementary.
The importance of MD design in the design of mobile phones is self-evident, and its design is unreasonable, which will cause design flaws.
HW (Hardware) hardware design
The main design circuit and antenna of the hardware realize the configuration requirements of the mobile phone.
The circuit part first makes an enlarged version of the PCB main board according to the configuration parameters, and performs various debugging, and the concentrated mobile phone main board is implemented after the scheme is feasible.
Then the design of the main board is divided into single-sided layout and double-sided layout. The single-sided layout means that all the parts on the main board are arranged on one side, and there are no parts on the back; the double-sided layout has parts on both sides, and the single-sided layout of the main board is relatively The double-sided will be thicker, but the area of ​​the single-sided motherboard will be larger than the double-sided. The single-sided or double-sided motherboard depends on how the structure is designed, so the hardware design (HW) design process is also related to the structural design. (MD) negotiation process. Another important part of hardware design (HW) is the antenna design. The frequency band supported by mobile phones is increasing. The more the antenna design is, the more wisdom and experience of hardware design (HW) engineers. The antenna must be far from the battery and nearby. There can be no metal devices. It can be said that in order to balance the design of the antenna, both the ID design and the MD design have to give way to the hardware design (HW) antenna design. The obvious example is the antenna strip on the iPhone6/Plus, which is to balance The compromise of the signal problem.
SW (Software) software design
Software design (SW) is a well-understood system that runs on a mobile phone.
Between the motherboard hardware and the operating system, there is another thing called BSP (Board Support Package), which is a board support package, which can also be said to be part of the operating system. The main purpose is to support the operating system so that it can be more Good running on the hardware motherboard.
Software Design (SW) is a bottomless project. The hardware part of the project may complete the mission once it is finalized, but software development must be iteratively updated, develop new features, fix bugs, improve stability, and develop new features... An infinite loop process.
The software part is increasingly prominent in the smart phone. Intelligent is not only reflected in the power of hardware configuration, but also the realization of more functions requires software-level creativity. The mission of software design is to make the potential of existing hardware to the extreme. This is also the greatness of software design.
PM (Project Management) project management
PM is also divided into technical and non-technical types, and the division of labor is also more detailed. The project planning and progress are also made. At the same time, it is also a spokesperson for the external department. If the design of MD is to take care of HW, PM needs to communicate and coordinate, and seek acceptable solutions. Program.
Of course, the boss of R&D is also a big PM. The PM of each department needs to report the results and progress to the large PM regularly, as well as the problems encountered in the development process.
QA (Quality Assurance) Quality Supervision
The definition of QA by China Quality Management Association is: the guarantee provided by the enterprise for the user's product quality, ensuring that the quality of the product purchased by the user is reliable during the life.
QA plays the role of quality control in mobile phone production. Whether the project is feasible or not, and every innovation needs to be tested and verified by QA. If it is found that the production difficulty is too low or the test is not passed, then this is the case. The plan will be rejected.
Producing a mobile phone is not as simple as experimenting in the laboratory. Once the production is tens of thousands, it is not an easy task to ensure the quality of each product. The production of a mobile phone sample and production of 100,000. The mobile phone is completely different.
Making a mobile phone is simply a matter of these big processes. Each company's implementation plan may be different according to its own experience.
Mobile phone manufacturing is a huge system engineering. In this process, all departments need to cooperate, coordinate and run in, and sometimes have to make compromises, but to jointly create a good mobile phone is the constant pursuit.
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