Microwave communication is a fast-moving, low-investment, and is not susceptible to natural disasters. It is the most flexible and adaptable means of communication. In particular, trunk microwaves have the characteristics of large transmission capacity and long transmission distance, and are widely used in the construction of large-capacity backbone transmission links in the fields of telecommunications, broadcasting, and petroleum. With the advent of the LTE era, online shopping, rapid development of online video, explosive growth of IP-based network services, and the urgent need for operators and industry customers to reduce network construction costs and improve efficiency, how traditional TDM trunk microwaves will further increase capacity With the transformation of IP and the challenges of reducing tower load and energy consumption, the new concept of trunk microwave solutions has emerged.
Split device form, more flexible site installationThe traditional trunk microwaves are all indoor, the baseband processing unit, the radio frequency unit and the split combiner are placed in the equipment room, and are connected to the outdoor antenna through the elliptical waveguide. While the indoor structure is conducive to maintenance, it will inevitably take up more room resources, more energy consumption, and complicated installation and maintenance of the elliptical waveguide. The new concept trunk microwave adopts a novel split type. Only the baseband processing unit is installed in the equipment room. The RF and split combiner are hung on the outdoor tower/clamp, and the indoor baseband unit is connected by the intermediate frequency cable; the upper part of the tower passes. The soft waveguide is connected to the antenna that is in close proximity. The IF cable and the soft waveguide are soft and flexible compared to the elliptical waveguides used throughout the room, allowing engineers to perform quick installations without special training and specialized tools. The components on the tower naturally dissipate heat, which reduces the air conditioning energy consumption of the equipment room.
In some sites where the machine room cannot be built, the split indoor baseband unit can even be hung in the small cabinet together with the RF/separator on the outdoor tower/clamp to achieve full outdoor installation of “zero siteâ€. . Split-type trunk microwaves provide customers with a variety of mounting options.
Figure 1. Split-type backbone microwave equipment
Reduce antenna diameter and reduce tower loadThe traditional indoor indoor trunk microwave adopts the elliptical waveguide upper tower, which brings a large insertion loss, and the split microwave uses the intermediate frequency cable upper tower, which greatly shortens the feeder length and greatly reduces the loss caused by the waveguide feeder, thereby significantly reducing Antenna size, from the analysis of the 7/8 GHz trunk microwave in the following table, it can be seen that the split trunk microwave can achieve or exceed the gain level of the 3.0m aperture antenna of the whole indoor device by using the 2.4m aperture antenna.
In the construction of microwave engineering, the wind resistance of large-diameter antennas is an important factor affecting the bearing capacity of the tower. The bearing impact of the equipment on the tower on the tower can be reflected by the horizontal tension of the tower and the torque index of the tower bottom. The following table compares the calculation results of the horizontal tension and the bottom torque of the tower in the 8+0 configuration space diversity of the full indoor equipment of the 3.0m aperture antenna and the split equipment of the 2.4m aperture antenna. It can be seen that the split trunk microwave is The radio frequency and sub-combiner units have been added to the tower, but because of the reduced antenna aperture, the overall weight loss of the tower is significantly reduced.
The trunk microwave has always been the main force for carrying large-capacity services, while the spectrum resources of the low-band are tight. How to meet the explosive transmission capacity growth within the limited spectrum resources has become the key to the development of trunk microwave technology. The traditional trunk microwave maximum modulation mode is 256QAM, and the single-carrier transmission throughput in the 56MHz spectrum is only 400Mbps. The new trunk microwave adopts the advanced 1024QAM high-modulation mode and 4-layer deep Ethernet compression technology, making the 56MHz single-carrier Ethernet throughput up to 1Gbps. Through the XPIC technology, it is possible to transmit carriers with two polarization directions at the same frequency point, so that the single-frequency point throughput reaches 2 Gbps, and the microwave transmission enters the Gbits era. In terms of RF configuration, thanks to the new and efficient device and circuit design, the split-channel unit can support more channels, and the maximum 1-plane antenna supports 16+0 service transmission. The total throughput of single link can be Up to 16G, it perfectly solves the bandwidth pressure of backbone link transmission.
Rich IP features for smooth evolution in the futureTraditional trunk microwaves can only transmit TDM services, and it is difficult to adapt to the needs of IP transformation. The new concept of trunk microwave energy supports hybrid transmission of TDM/IP services on the same platform, and provides rich IP features, including: physical layer link aggregation, and can support up to 12 L1 layer link bundles (L1 LAG). The air interface physical link aggregation of the balanced load enables large-particle service transmission and 11+1 protection of TDM/IP air interface hybrid services; hierarchical QoS can provide fine service quality control; meanwhile, the OAM mechanism based on MPLS-TP protocol can Convenient and efficient distribution and management of IP services. Shinkansen Microwave supports a smooth evolution from TDM to All IP with a unified platform, and easily responds to network development needs in different periods.
to sum upMainline microwave is an important part of modern communication. The new concept trunk microwave simplifies installation in an innovative split form, which reduces the load on the tower and greatly reduces the cost of network construction. At the same time, its large transmission capacity (16G throughput of single-sided antenna) and the industry's most abundant IP features can easily cope with the outbreak of IP business needs in the LTE data era. With the vigorous development of telecommunications and broadcasting and television, the new concept of trunk microwave as the most flexible and adaptable trunk transmission means will usher in a new round of rapid growth.
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