0 Preface
As a special commodity, drugs are misused if they are mismanaged and will pose serious threats to people's health and life safety [1]. At present, there are two main problems faced in the circulation of pharmaceuticals: the efficiency of the supply chain and the issue of counterfeit drugs.
On the premise of ensuring the safety of patients, drug safety management needs to ensure the safety of drugs from the original manufacturing, sales, drug distribution, and ultimately to the patient's medication. This paper proposes to use the Internet of Things technology to effectively track and identify drugs from any point in the process, from the manufacturer to the end user (the patient who uses the drug), and to monitor the drug in all aspects of the supply chain, so that the patient's drug safety Get maximum protection.
1 system architecture design
The drug-based traceability management system based on the Internet of Things makes full use of the network infrastructure and integrates the drug supply chain related information resources collected and stored by the Internet and the Internet of Things. The system operates in the framework of safety mechanisms and standard specifications to form a unified whole, from data acquisition. The three levels of data services and data applications ensure the rationality and high efficiency of the system architecture.
The functional structure of the system is shown in Fig. 1. It includes the following functional units: national traceability platform, label distribution center, pharmaceutical application subsystem, imported drug management subsystem, wholesale warehousing management subsystem, pharmaceuticals in transit management, retail management system.
The national retrospective platform realizes data center interaction and data sharing tasks and serves as the core module of the system. Other modules interact with the platform for drug circulation data.
The label issuing center periodically collects the demand of the label of each pharmaceutical factory; according to the demand of the label of the pharmaceutical factory, the order is issued to the manufacturer of the label; and the label is issued according to the label requirements fed back by the manufacturer.
The pharmaceutical application subsystems are distributed in every enterprise in the country that has the qualification for the production of pharmaceutical products and integrates with existing systems to complete the collection and reporting of production information and storage information for pharmaceutical products.
The imported drug management subsystem is deployed in the drug product importer's information center and warehouse, and through the coordination with the national regulatory center, it completes the approval of the import of pharmaceutical products, the collection and reporting of warehousing and logistics information, and other functions.
The wholesale warehousing management subsystem is deployed in every wholesale warehouse in the country, and as an intermediate part of distribution, it completes the storage and distribution of pharmaceutical products.
The medicines in transit management subsystem adopts GPS technology to realize tracking and positioning and transport information collection during drug delivery. For drugs with high transport environment requirements, cold chain logistics vehicles must be used to track the entire route and transport temperature monitoring.
Retail Management Subsystem With the help of the dealer's existing cash register system and the nation's well-established communications network, product sales information is directly aggregated into the national regulatory center.
The system has a sound safety mechanism and standard specifications, and cooperates with the corresponding management system to provide stable operational safeguard measures for the construction of drug traceability management systems.
2 National retrospective platform construction
The national retrospective platform provides a unified data storage, exchange, and inquiry platform for traceability management of pharmaceuticals to achieve unified management of pharmaceutical distribution information and ensure data consistency and authority.
2.1 Data Storage
2.1.1 Basic Database
The basic database is used to store business databases and basic data information. The business database includes business databases for the production, wholesale, retail, and supervision of pharmaceuticals. The basic information database includes the drug production information database, drug wholesale information database, and import drug information database. Drug retail information base, drug regulatory information base, etc.
2.1.2 Data Warehouse
The data warehouse provides data bases for rapid analysis, query, and statistics. Based on the basic support data, it forms a drug analysis topic through processing such as classification and aggregation, and supports the monitoring center's analysis and query operations of drug circulation data.
2.1.3 Support Database
The database that supports the database is used to support various types of applications, including metabases, exchange databases, and so on. The metadata database stores data information for interpreting data; the exchange database stores information for data exchange platform applications.
2.2 Data Sharing and Exchange Services
In the process of national retrospective platform construction, pharmaceutical distribution data from various manufacturers such as drug manufacturers, pharmaceutical wholesalers, retailers, importers, and drug regulatory agencies must be collected. There is a large amount of data exchange requirements. To complete these data exchange tasks, Need to build a unified data sharing and exchange platform. As the underlying platform of the application system, it provides a unified integration framework for drug traceability, and also provides data processing and delivery services between various business systems and vendors on the supply chain.
2.3 Data Conversion Services
Data conversion services mainly include data extraction, conversion, cleaning, and loading services [2]. Data extraction completes data synchronization and migration between multiple types of databases; realizes drug data conversion and data cleaning from different vendors, utilizes conditional filtering, removes duplicate records, controls processing and removes invalid data, and uses data in the form of batch loading to The fastest way to load into the database.
2.4 Data Query Service
The platform provides public users with a unified drug information search service. Through this service, public users can obtain information on the production and distribution of drugs in real time. At the same time, the platform can provide drug regulatory authorities with inquiry services that meet the needs of the department. The user can flexibly select the query conditions, and the system can generate corresponding statistical reports according to the user's choice.
3 Application System Construction
3.1 Label Distribution Center Construction
The label issuing center completes the issuance and management operations of drug identification labels, including label storage management, inventory query, label issuance management, bad label management, label issuance management, label issuance inquiry statistics, label issuance content management, data synchronization of monitoring centers, and logs. Permissions, equipment and other support functions [3].
3.2 Pharmaceutical Application Subsystem Construction
The functions of the application subsystems of pharmaceutical companies are mainly divided into pharmaceutical information centers, pharmaceutical production line management, pharmaceutical warehouse management, and support functions.
The pharmaceutical information center is mainly responsible for the collection of drug production information, statistical inquiries, and the unified management of drug inventory information. It also needs to periodically report the production and inventory information of its pharmaceuticals to the national traceability platform data center.
The pharmaceutical production line management system needs to reconstruct the production line, install equipment such as labeling machines, and carry out the label management, packaging, and issuance of bad labels.
The pharmaceutical warehouse management system carries out drug delivery and storage management.
3.3 Imported Drug Management Subsystem Construction
The management of imported drugs completes the follow-up management of customs clearance information, sources of drugs, production information, and circulation information in the country. The system mainly includes the import warehouse information center, drug label placement management, import warehouse management and necessary system support functions.
The Imported Warehouse Information Center is mainly responsible for the collection of drug import information, statistical inquiries, and the unified management of imported drug inventory information, and it is necessary to regularly report the imported drug information to the national traceability platform data center.
The drug label placement management system needs to label and paste the imported pharmaceuticals, issue labels, and recycle the bad labels.
Imported drug warehouse management system carries out drug delivery and storage management.
3.4 Wholesale Warehousing Management System Construction
Wholesale warehousing management mainly completes tracking management of drug information entering wholesale distribution channels, including inventory management, data management, and system support functions. It also needs to periodically report the statistics of drug export and import and wholesale information to the national traceability platform data center.
3.5 Drugs in transit management subsystem construction
The medicines in transit management subsystem adopts GPS positioning technology, sensing technology, RFID and other technologies to cooperate with the on-going management of drugs [4].
The system reports the drug's location information, drug's label information, and drug transporter's internal temperature information to the on-the-spot management center system via dual channels of GPS and RFID readers. The central system stores the information of drugs in transit, and regularly reports the information to the national traceability platform data center.
3.6 Retail Management Subsystem Construction
The retail management subsystem integrates RFID readers into the drug cash register system [5], completes the real-time collection and management of pharmaceutical sales information and outbound and outbound information, and regularly reports information to the national retrospective platform data center.
4 Conclusion
Based on the construction of the drug-based traceability management system for the Internet of Things, a variety of Internet of Things technologies such as advanced GPS, RFID, and temperature sensors were proposed to solve the whole lifecycle management problem of drug information, enhance the production management level of pharmaceutical companies, and at the same time strengthen information on imported drugs. Resource management, and the full management of drugs in the pipeline, and ensure that there is no dead ends in the whole process, so as to contain counterfeit products, and to some extent solve the problem of drug safety management.
Display Screen,Display Screen Lcd Advertising,Display Screen Indoor,Display Screen Lcd
ESEN Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd, , https://www.esenlcd.com