After nearly 50 years of development, adaptive control has achieved great development both in theory and in application. In the past 20 years, with the widespread popularity of computer technology, especially large-scale integrated circuits and chips, it has opened up a vast field for adaptive control. Adaptive control is obtained in: aircraft control, deep space detector control, satellite tracking system, large tanker control, electronic drag, papermaking process control, metallurgical process control, chemical process control, cement batching control, large heating furnace temperature control, etc. The application.
1. Application of adaptive control in aerospaceThe moment generated by the deflection of the control surface of the flying body is a function of speed, altitude and power angle. Therefore, the transfer function always changes greatly during flight, and the linear control system cannot obtain satisfactory results. With the continuous improvement of aircraft performance, especially the emergence of spacecraft, the interest in adaptive control in the aerospace industry is increasing. NASA's Gupta Pramod et al. have studied and determined that the neural network-based adaptive controller performance must be properly monitored and evaluated before it can be safely and reliably used in modern cruise missile control. Bayesian method for verification and validation and its simulation results in NASA's intelligent flight control system. The University of Cincinnati's Slater GL uses an adaptive approach to greatly improve the aircraft's climb performance prediction during the take-off phase, which adaptively adjusts the aircraft's thrust dependence based on the measured and calculated energy ratios, which facilitates the aircraft's integration with other aircraft in the air during the climb. .
Industrial processes have become increasingly dependent on automation devices since the late 1930s. Feedback control is a versatile control method that has evolved from proportional control to intelligent control. In the past 30 years, adaptive strategies have been widely used in industrial process control, including chemical processes, papermaking processes, food processing processes, metallurgical processes, steel manufacturing processes, and machining processes.
Zhang Zhijun of Dalian University of Technology used two multi-layer fuzzy neural networks for chemical process system identification and control, and implemented adaptive control by continuously updating fuzzy member functions. Combining the BFGS and least squares algorithm to train the neural network online, the accuracy of the model is improved and the control performance is greatly improved, which overcomes the effects of model mismatch and time-varying.
Qi Juxing of Baosteel Co., Ltd. extended the high-speed steady-state adaptive control technology to the head-to-tail control of strip steel production, further reducing the length of the strip head-to-tail thickness tolerance and improving the quality and output of the product.
The change of moisture content of cut tobacco in the process of cigarette spinning has strong nonlinearity, uncertainty and large hysteresis characteristics, and there are interferences and noises. It is difficult to achieve the desired control effect by using conventional PID algorithm. Domestic and foreign experts cooperated with the model-free adaptive controller combined with the progressive identification method to transform the tobacco moisture content control system of the drying process, reducing the number of dry head dry tails and improving the quality of cigarette production.
The application of adaptive strategy in power system control mainly includes: boiler steam temperature and pressure control, boiler combustion efficiency optimization control, and interconnection power system power generation control. In view of the large time lag and uncertainty of the main steam temperature regulation of the power plant, Gu Junjie of Northeast Electric Power University of China adopted the adaptive PSD control method and combined with the internal model controller. Compared with the traditional PID control system, the adaptive PSD control algorithm is simple, computationally intensive, and can be reduced.
Overshoot, speed up the corresponding speed, and shorten the stabilization time. Hu Yiqian from Southeast University adaptively adjusted the parameters of the PID fuzzy controller and used it to control the superheated steam temperature of the boiler, and achieved satisfactory results. Xu Lixin of Harbin Institute of Technology and other experts have obtained the fuzzy PI control law of gas turbines based on expert experience. Based on this, the fuzzy adaptive PI controller of turbine speed and exhaust temperature is designed to improve the performance of gas turbine and realize it very convenient.
In the water treatment process, the unit consumption is closely related to the turbidity and temperature of the raw water, while the raw water quality changes with the season, and the raw water quality in the same season every year will be different. Ye Qingming, Shenzhen Qingquan Water System Engineering Equipment Co., Ltd. developed an adaptive control drug delivery device. The device automatically learns the optimal dosing control rules and selects the optimal dosage based on water quality and environmental status. The application of adaptive control in clinical medicine is developing very rapidly. Jell, Roger W. of the University of Southern California used adaptive methods to control subsequent gentamicin serum drug concentrations. Using the open-loop feedback adaptive drug metabolism control system based on the Bayesian method, and carefully comparing the patient's clinical performance with the output of the applicable model (physiological performance), the doctor can determine the treatment target that is most suitable for the patient. Hao Zhixiu and Shen Yongsheng of Tsinghua University invented a pseudo-hand grip adaptive control device to achieve the feedback of the hand grip feeling. The control device allows the amputee to have a real sense of the limb when using the myoelectric artificial hand.
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